Biçim Değiştirebilir Bir Karşılıklı Çerçeve Yapısının Tasarımı
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2025
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Karşılıklı çerçeveler, her elemanın komşu eleman üzerine yerleştiği ve bu organizasyonun oluşturduğu kapalı döngü sayesinde kendi kendini taşıyabilen yapısal sistemlerdir. Genellikle geçici yapılarda yaygın olarak kullanılmakta olup, ilkel barınaklara kadar uzanan bir geçmişe sahiptir. Karşılıklı çerçeve sistemlerinin en büyük avantajı, nispeten kısa elemanlar kullanılarak geniş açıklıkların geçilebilmesidir. Geleneksel karşılıklı çerçeve yapıları Asya'dan Avrupa'ya dünyanın birçok yerinde yaygın olarak görülse de, mimari uygulamalarda hareketli karşılıklı çerçeve sistemlerine ilişkin literatürde çok az örnek bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, farklı çokgen planlarla uyumlu olan bir hareketli çatı mekanizmasını geliştirmektedir. Mekanizma, montaj sırasında geometrik adaptasyon sağlamak amacıyla üç serbestlik derecesine sahip fan birimleri olarak tasarlanmıştır. Mekanizma, temelini bir karşılıklı çerçeve yapısından alarak kare, beşgen, altıgen ve sekizgen planlara uyarlanabilir. Karşılıklı çerçeve konfigürasyonlarında birer devre kapatılarak mekanizmanın eşzamanlı hareketini sağlayan tek serbestlik dereceli yapılar elde edilmiştir. Kinematik analizler, mekanizmanın farklı düzenlerdeki adaptasyon ve performansını göstermektedir. Sistem bağlantılarındaki karmaşıklıkları aşmak için 3 boyutlu baskı ile bir fiziksel model üretilmiştir. Bu çalışma, karşılıklı çerçevelerin yapısal davranışını yöneten ilkeleri uygulayarak dönüştürülebilir sistemlerin geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktadır.
Reciprocal frames are structural systems in which each element rests on its neighboring element, forming a closed loop that enables the structure to be self-supporting. They are widely utilized in temporary structures and can be traced back to primitive pit dwellings. Their main advantage is that reciprocal frames allow large spans to be achieved using relatively short elements. While reciprocal frame structures can be found worldwide, from Asia to Europe, as a well-established structural system, examples of kinetic reciprocal frame systems in architectural applications remain scarce in the literature. This thesis develops a transformable 4-nexor fan that can adapt to different polygonal layouts. The mechanism was designed as fan units with three degrees of freedom in order to obtain geometric adaptation during the assembly. Transformable roofs can be designed by using four of these fans for square, five fans for pentagonal, six fans for hexagonal, and eight fans for octagonal plan configurations. Single degree of freedom transformable structures with synchronous actuation of the mechanism were obtained by closure of loops in the reciprocal frame configuration. The kinematic analyses demonstrate the mechanism's adaptability and performance across different layouts. A physical model of a fan was fabricated using 3D printing to overcome the system's joint complexities. This model illustrates how the mechanism can adapt to different polygonal plans and how the roof transforms dynamically with various roof slopes. The work contributes to the development of such transformable systems by applying the principles governing the structural behavior of reciprocal frames.
Reciprocal frames are structural systems in which each element rests on its neighboring element, forming a closed loop that enables the structure to be self-supporting. They are widely utilized in temporary structures and can be traced back to primitive pit dwellings. Their main advantage is that reciprocal frames allow large spans to be achieved using relatively short elements. While reciprocal frame structures can be found worldwide, from Asia to Europe, as a well-established structural system, examples of kinetic reciprocal frame systems in architectural applications remain scarce in the literature. This thesis develops a transformable 4-nexor fan that can adapt to different polygonal layouts. The mechanism was designed as fan units with three degrees of freedom in order to obtain geometric adaptation during the assembly. Transformable roofs can be designed by using four of these fans for square, five fans for pentagonal, six fans for hexagonal, and eight fans for octagonal plan configurations. Single degree of freedom transformable structures with synchronous actuation of the mechanism were obtained by closure of loops in the reciprocal frame configuration. The kinematic analyses demonstrate the mechanism's adaptability and performance across different layouts. A physical model of a fan was fabricated using 3D printing to overcome the system's joint complexities. This model illustrates how the mechanism can adapt to different polygonal plans and how the roof transforms dynamically with various roof slopes. The work contributes to the development of such transformable systems by applying the principles governing the structural behavior of reciprocal frames.
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Mimarlık, Kinetik Mimarlık, Uzay Mekanizmaları, Architecture, Kinetic Architecture, Spatial Mechanisms
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checked on Oct 31, 2025
