Türkiye 'de Bölgesel Ekonomik Dirençliliğin CBS Tabanlı Mekansal Regresyon Analizi: Kent- Kır Bağlamında Ampirik Bir Araştırma
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2025
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Bölgesel ekonomik dirençlilik, literatürde büyük ilgiyle tartışılan bir kavramdır. Ekonomik dirençlilik, genel olarak iç ve dış krizlere maruz kalan bir ekonomik yapının zarar görmeden işlevini sürdürebilme ve zaman içinde hızla toparlanabilme yeteneğini ifade eder. Birçok ampirik çalışma dirençliliğin düzeyine ve belirleyicilerine odaklanmıştır. Öte yandan, öne çıkan bir diğer yaklaşım ise kentsel-kırsal kategorizasyonu çerçevesinde yürütülen analizlerdir. Ancak kentsel-kırsal ayrımındaki bölgesel farklılıkların dirençlilik bağlamında henüz yeterince incelenmemiş olması dikkat çekicidir. Bu tezin amacı kentsel, kırsal ve ara bölgelerin farklı direnç ve toparlanma davranışlarını ve belirleyicilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın veri seti, Türkiye'nin 973 ilçesinde 2018 döviz krizi ve Covid 19 salgınını içeren 2018-2023 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, çeşitli ampirik analizler (mekansal ve mekansal olmayan regresyon analizleri) yürütülmüştür. Analiz sonucunda iki temel bulgu ortaya çıkmıştır. Birincisi, yarı kentsel alanlar en dirençli, mega-kentsel bölgeler en kırılgan gruptur. Dahası, kırsal ve kentsel bölgeler daha ortalama bir davranış sergilemektedir. İkincisi ise, bölgelerin ekonomik dirençlilik belirleyicileri kentsel kategorilere özgüdür. Ekonomik çeşitlilik ve yapı, kırsal ve yarı kentsel alanlar için kritik öneme sahiptir. Demografik yapı ve beşeri sermaye kentsel bölgeler için önemlidir ve ticaret açıklığı mega-kentsel alanlar için kritik öneme sahiptir. Sonuç olarak, her kentsel grubun farklı özelliklere sahip olması yerele özgü politikaların geliştirilmesini gerektirir.
Regional economic resilience (RER) is a heatly debated concept in the literature. Economic resilience generally refers to the ability of an economic structure exposed to internal and external crises to continue to function without being damaged and to recover quickly over time. Many empirical studies have focused on the level and drivers of resilience. Another prominent approach in the literature is the analyses conducted within the framework of urban-rural categorization. However, it is noteworthy that regional differences in the urban-rural divide have not yet been sufficiently examined in the context of resilience. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the different resistance and recovery behaviors and determinants of urban, rural and intermediate regions. The data set of the study covers the period between 2018 and 2023, which includes the 2018 currency crisis and the Covid 19 pandemic in 973 districts of Türkiye. In this context, various empirical analyses (spatial and non-spatial regressions) were conducted. As a result of the analysis, two main findings emerged. First, semi-urban areas were the most resilient, while megacities were the most fragile group. Moreover, rural and urban regions exhibit a more average behavior. Second, the economic resilience drivers of regions are specific to urban categories. Economic diversity and structure is critical for rural and semi-urban areas. Demographic structure and human capital is significant for urban districts and trade openness is critical for the mega-urban areas. As a result, each urban group has different characteristics, which necessitates local-specific policies.
Regional economic resilience (RER) is a heatly debated concept in the literature. Economic resilience generally refers to the ability of an economic structure exposed to internal and external crises to continue to function without being damaged and to recover quickly over time. Many empirical studies have focused on the level and drivers of resilience. Another prominent approach in the literature is the analyses conducted within the framework of urban-rural categorization. However, it is noteworthy that regional differences in the urban-rural divide have not yet been sufficiently examined in the context of resilience. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the different resistance and recovery behaviors and determinants of urban, rural and intermediate regions. The data set of the study covers the period between 2018 and 2023, which includes the 2018 currency crisis and the Covid 19 pandemic in 973 districts of Türkiye. In this context, various empirical analyses (spatial and non-spatial regressions) were conducted. As a result of the analysis, two main findings emerged. First, semi-urban areas were the most resilient, while megacities were the most fragile group. Moreover, rural and urban regions exhibit a more average behavior. Second, the economic resilience drivers of regions are specific to urban categories. Economic diversity and structure is critical for rural and semi-urban areas. Demographic structure and human capital is significant for urban districts and trade openness is critical for the mega-urban areas. As a result, each urban group has different characteristics, which necessitates local-specific policies.
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Şehircilik ve Bölge Planlama, Urban and Regional Planning
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133