Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11147/4608
Title: Inhalation and dermal exposure to atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and associated carcinogenic risks in a relatively small city
Authors: Güngörmüş, Elif
Tuncel, Semra
Tecer, Lokman Hakan
Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil
Keywords: Carcinogenic risk
Exposure
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Balıkesir
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd.
Source: Güngörmüş, E., Tuncel, S., Tecer, L. H., and Sofuoğlu, S. C. (2014). Inhalation and dermal exposure to atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and associated carcinogenic risks in a relatively small city. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 108, 106-113. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.015
Abstract: The aim of this study was to conduct a carcinogenic risk assessment for exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) via routes of inhalation and dermal contact. Concentrations of 19 PAH species were determined during a heating period at a site in the city of Balikesir, Turkey. Two questionnaires were administered to a sample of inhabitants to determine time-activity budgets and demographic information. The assessment was conducted for each participant and Balikesir population by deterministic and probabilistic approaches, respectively. Monte Carlo simulation was implemented to determine the population exposure-risk probability distributions. The estimates were based on benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaPeq) total PAH concentrations calculated using toxic equivalency factors. The mean and median BaPeq concentrations of gaseous and particulate phases were 3.25 and 1.34, and 38.5 and 34.0ng/m3, respectively. Carcinogenic risk for inhalation exposure route was estimated by using two different slope factor values (3.9 and 304.5(mg/kg-day)-1), recommended by two different organizations, resulting in two (order(s) of magnitude apart) population risk ranges: 1.32×10-7-2.23×10-4, and 1.61×10-5-7.95×10-3, respectively. The population risks associated with dermal exposure were lower compared to those of inhalation, ranging from 6.58×10-9 to 2.57×10-6. The proportion of the population with risks higher than the general acceptable level (1.0×10-6) was estimated as >99 percent, for inhalation, and as 28 percent for dermal exposure route.
URI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.015
http://hdl.handle.net/11147/4608
ISSN: 0147-6513
0147-6513
Appears in Collections:Chemical Engineering / Kimya Mühendisliği
PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / PubMed Indexed Publications Collection
Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection
Sürdürülebilir Yeşil Kampüs Koleksiyonu / Sustainable Green Campus Collection
WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection

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