Aslanipour, BehnazGülcemal, DeryaNalbantsoy, AyşeYusufoğlu, HasanBedir, Erdal03.01. Department of Bioengineering03. Faculty of Engineering01. Izmir Institute of Technology2018-01-032018-01-032017-10Aslanipour, B., Gülcemal, D., Nalbantsoy, A., Yusufoğlu, H., and Bedir, E. (2017). Secondary metabolites from Astragalus karjaginii BORISS and the evaluation of their effects on cytokine release and hemolysis. Fitoterapia, 122, 26-33. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2017.08.0080367-326Xhttp://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2017.08.008https://hdl.handle.net/11147/6640A new cycloartane sapogenol and a new cycloartane xyloside were isolated from Astragalus karjaginii BORISS along with thirteen known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were established as 3-oxo-6α,16β,24(S),25-tetrahydroxycycloartane (1) and 6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-3β,6α,16β,24(S),25-pentahydroxycycloartane (2) by 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments as well as ESIMS and HRMS analyses. The presence of the keto function at position 3 was reported for the first time for cyclocanthogenol sapogenin of Astragalus genus. In vitro immunomodulatory effects of the new compounds (1 and 2) along with the n-BuOH and MeOH extracts of A. karjaginii at two different doses (3 and 6 μg) were tested on human whole blood for in vitro cytokine release (IL-2, IL-17A and IFN-γ) and hemolytic activities. The results confirmed that compound 2, a monodesmosidic saponin, had the strongest effect on the induction of both IL-2 (6 μg, 6345.41 ± 0.12 pg/mL (× 5), P < 0.001) and a slight effect upon IL-17A (3 μg, 5217.85 ± 0.72 pg/mL, P < 0.05) cytokines compared to the other test compounds and positive controls (AST VII: Astragaloside VII; and QS-21: Quillaja saponin 21). All tested extracts and molecules also induced release of IFN-γ remarkably ranging between 5031.95 ± 0.05 pg/mL, P < 0.001 for MeOH extract (6 μg) and 5877.08 ± 0.06 pg/mL, P < 0.001 for compound 1 (6 μg) compared to QS-21 (6 μg, 5924.87 ± 0.1 pg/mL, P < 0.001). Administration of AST VII and other test compounds did not cause any hemolytic activity, whereas QS-21 resulted a noteworthy hemolysis.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAstragalus karjaginiiCycloartaneCytokine stimulationHemolytic activityImmune modulationSaponinsArticle2-s2.0-8502786046310.1016/j.fitote.2017.08.00810.1016/j.fitote.2017.08.008