Browsing by Author "Korkmaz, Koray"

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An Analytical Study of the Design Potentials in Kinetic Architecture
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2004) Korkmaz, Koray; Arkon, Cemal; Korkmaz, Koray; Arkon, Cemal; 02.03. Department of City and Regional Planning; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
This dissertation is concerned with the potentials of kinetic structures in architecture; what they are, what they can do for us, and how we can go about designing them. Ultimately, it aims at proving the applicability of kinematic methods in the design process of the adaptable space organizations by carrying out a personal design process of a novel kinetic structure. The course of this dissertation explores the ways in which kinematic synthesis methods contribute to the design processes of kinetic structures and adaptable spaces, which we call kinetic architecture.The idea of motion is not new. However, the concept of motion and its practical reflection appear more in end-products because of the dynamic, flexible, and constantly changing activities and developments in building technology. As a result of the rapid change in activities of modern society and developments in building technology, a need of the adaptable space emerged which was the necessary precondition for the rise of the concept of motion in architecture. This conceptual transformation may be dated to the end of the twentieth century. What marks the approach to the design of this new, late twentieth-century conception of space is 'motion', which will now play an increasingly important role both conceptually and in applications of design. Our capability of utilizing kinetics in architecture today can be extended far beyond what has previously been possible. The present dissertation describes kinematic analysis and synthesis methods used so far in mechanical engineering and explores its direct or in-direct applications into the architectural field.Arguing that the potential of kinetics in architecture remains far from fulfilled, it offers concrete direction and method for innovation. Focusing on responsive spatial adaptability and kinetic structures, it develops a foundation for the application of kinetic structures as a means of enhancing the performance of space. The motivation lies in creating adaptable spaces. There is a need for adaptable spaces and a design method for achieving this by building kinetic structures that can physically convert themselves through kinetics to adapt to the ever-changing requirements and conditions. This thesis proposes the use of kinematic methods in the design process of kinetic structures to create adaptable space organizations. In order to show the applicability of kinematic methods in the design process of the adaptable space organizations, a new type of an architectural umbrella covered by flexible material is developed for covering open-air spaces. Graphical synthesis method is used in the design process and the performance of the architectural umbrella is analyzed with Visual Nastran 4D. This is a CAD program capable of kinematic analysis.
Biçim Değiştirebilir Bir Karşılıklı Çerçeve Yapısının Tasarımı
(2025) Helvacı, İpek; Korkmaz, Koray; Özen, Gülçin; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 02.02. Department of Architecture
Karşılıklı çerçeveler, her elemanın komşu eleman üzerine yerleştiği ve bu organizasyonun oluşturduğu kapalı döngü sayesinde kendi kendini taşıyabilen yapısal sistemlerdir. Genellikle geçici yapılarda yaygın olarak kullanılmakta olup, ilkel barınaklara kadar uzanan bir geçmişe sahiptir. Karşılıklı çerçeve sistemlerinin en büyük avantajı, nispeten kısa elemanlar kullanılarak geniş açıklıkların geçilebilmesidir. Geleneksel karşılıklı çerçeve yapıları Asya'dan Avrupa'ya dünyanın birçok yerinde yaygın olarak görülse de, mimari uygulamalarda hareketli karşılıklı çerçeve sistemlerine ilişkin literatürde çok az örnek bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, farklı çokgen planlarla uyumlu olan bir hareketli çatı mekanizmasını geliştirmektedir. Mekanizma, montaj sırasında geometrik adaptasyon sağlamak amacıyla üç serbestlik derecesine sahip fan birimleri olarak tasarlanmıştır. Mekanizma, temelini bir karşılıklı çerçeve yapısından alarak kare, beşgen, altıgen ve sekizgen planlara uyarlanabilir. Karşılıklı çerçeve konfigürasyonlarında birer devre kapatılarak mekanizmanın eşzamanlı hareketini sağlayan tek serbestlik dereceli yapılar elde edilmiştir. Kinematik analizler, mekanizmanın farklı düzenlerdeki adaptasyon ve performansını göstermektedir. Sistem bağlantılarındaki karmaşıklıkları aşmak için 3 boyutlu baskı ile bir fiziksel model üretilmiştir. Bu çalışma, karşılıklı çerçevelerin yapısal davranışını yöneten ilkeleri uygulayarak dönüştürülebilir sistemlerin geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktadır.
Design and Analysis of Deployable Reciprocal Frames
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Özen, Gülçin; Korkmaz, Koray; Korkmaz, Koray; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
A reciprocal frame (RF) is a type of structure used since early times. It consists of mutually supporting bars that can span large distances greater than the length of the bar. Although there are deficiencies in previous studies, there are movable RFs, but we cannot talk about the existence of a 3-dimensional deployable RF network. This study aims to contribute to the missing knowledge for movable RF fans and develop a deployable RF network. The study has conducted a comprehensive literature review to gain knowledge and identify the deficiencies of RFs. There are many studies about RFs, but it has been observed that very limited research has been done on movable RFs, and some geometric properties have not been made yet. Firstly, missing geometric knowledge has been found, which are the positions and orientations of the joints by using Denavit-Hartenberg parameters. Also, the effect of engagement length on the fan height and base edge is analyzed. A reconfigurable demountable RF fan is created with the obtained geometric knowledge. Then, mobility calculations are made, and kinematic diagrams are drawn for zero, single, and multi degrees of freedom (DoF) triangular, quadrilateral, and pentagonal fans. Their motions are investigated, and 3-dimensional (3d) simulations are generated. A two DoF quadrilateral fan with prismatic and revolute joints is produced. Then the possibilities of assembling the two DoF fans are searched to create a deployable RF network. While the network has a single DoF in the direction of vault curvature, it has multi DoF in the thickness direction. The network takes the form of a roll in its most closed state, and it takes the form of a vault in its most open state. The section of the curvature of the deployable network is the same as the Da Vinci bridge. However, while simple joints were used in the Da Vinci Bridge, revolute and prismatic joints are used in the proposed deployable RF network.
Novel design methodologies for transfeormable doubly-ruled surface structures
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2015) Maden, Feray; Korkmaz, Koray; Korkmaz, Koray; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Today architecture seeks for adaptable spaces ever than before to meet the changing functional, spatial or environmental needs. Thus, it necessitates developing adaptive structures that are capable of geometric transformations. For this purpose, a series of kinetic structures has been developed. The most impressive examples of these structures are deployable and transformable bar structures that have the ability to change their shapes from one configuration to another. Although many innovative designs have been proposed for these structures, only a few have been constructed at full-scale due to their complex mechanical systems and limited configurations in which they can carry loads. Moreover, most of the proposed structures are restricted to certain geometric forms such as singly-curved vaults or doubly-curved synclastic domes. Doubly-curved anticlastic structures have been rarely used despite their resistance to loads through their curvatures and ease of constructing their surfaces by ruled surface generation method. The primary objective of this dissertation is to propose novel methodologies to design deployable and transformable doubly-ruled surface structures by using novel structural mechanisms (SMs) which provide morphologically flexible, mechanically simple, structurally effective and architecturally viable solutions. For this purpose, a systematic procedure is developed which comprises geometric design, structural synthesis and structural design phases. First, the geometric properties of the doubly-ruled surfaces are thoroughly analyzed and their morphologies are investigated based on the generated parametric models. Second, novel SMs are constructed by means of structural synthesis in which transformation capabilities of the proposed SMs are discussed in detail. Finally, several case studies are proposed for the architectural applications of those SMs and a set of structural analyses is carried out at different configurations of the proposed structures to discuss their structural behavior under typical loading patterns. “Simulation and modeling” has been used as the main research method in the study which covers all mathematical models and computer simulations.
A Research on a Reconfigurable Hypar Structure for Architectural Applications
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2013) Susam, Gözde; Korkmaz, Koray; Korkmaz, Koray; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Kinetic design strategy is a way to obtain remarkable applications in architecture. These kinetic designs can offer more advantages compared to conventional ones. Basic knowledge of different disciplines is necessary to generate kinetic designs. In other words, interdisciplinary studies are critical. Therefore, architect's knowledge must be wide-ranging in order to increase novel design approaches and applications. The resulting rich hybrid products increase the potential of the disciplines individually. Research on kinetic structures shows that the majority of kinetic structures are deployable. However, deployable structures can only be transformed from a closed compact configuration to a predetermined expanded form. The motivation of the present dissertation is generating a novel 2 DOF 8R reconfigurable structure which can meet different hyperbolic paraboloid surfaces for architectural applications. In order to obtain this novel structure; the integration between the mechanism science and architecture is essential. The term reconfigurable will be used in the present dissertation to describe deployable structures with various configurations. The novel reconfigurable design utilizes the overconstrained Bennett linkage and the production principals of ruled surfaces. The dissertation begins with a brief summary of deployable structures to show their shortcomings and their lack of form flexibility. Afterward, curved surfaces, basic terms in mechanisms and overconstrained mechanisms were investigated. Finally, a proposed novel mechanism which is inspired from the basic design principles of Bennett linkage and the fundamentals of ruled surfaces are explained with the help of kinematic diagrams and models.
The Use of Origami-Based Kinetic Facade Component To Improve Daylight Performance in Terms of Leed Criteria: a Case of Iztech Innovation Center
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) Yasinci, Zihni; Korkmaz, Koray; Korkmaz, Koray; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Novel solutions in sustainable design due to advancing technology are increased besides bringing new problems. One major problem is originated with the usage of fully-glazed surfaces on the building facade without any justification. Fully-glazed facades may lead to higher energy consumption and visual discomfort. In such office buildings where most of the working time is in the daytime, this situation causes a decreasing in employees' performance and high energy usage. Kinetic facades have emerged as a design solution to control daylight efficiency. Such adaptive elements with varying geometry and material can be applied to the facade according to the form, orientation, location of the building and the climate of the region. Therefore, the number of such studies must be increased. In this study, a determined part of the origami pattern (chicken wire) that consists of seven joints and six panels with a single degree of freedom as a spherical mechanism for the kinetic facade component was used. The aim is to increase daylight efficiency with three-dimensional shape changes in this kinetic facade in terms of LEED daylight criteria. IZTECH Innovation Center is modelled in Revit apply scenarios including variations of timeline, kinetic facade component's opening angles and material type. The performance of the kinetic facade is evaluated according to illuminance and sDA values calculated. As a result, a direct correlation between the customization of facade elements according to sunlight and daylight usage was observed. Findings provided us a guidance on how to apply the kinetic facade elements according to daylight.