WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7150
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Article Effect of Partial Austenitization Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties for Multiphase Steels(Springer, 2025) Erisir, Ersoy; Sari, Elif; Kocakusakli, Emre; Dulger, Nurten Basak; Oktay, Serkan; Tutuk, Ramazan; Davut, KemalIn this study, the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of a 0.15 pct C-2.09 pct Mn multiphase steel was investigated. To produce a multiphase microstructure, a newly developed two-step processing of partial austenitization and quenching (PAQ) treatment was used. In the first step, the steel with initial martensitic microstructure was partially austenitized at 690 degrees C for 8 hours. After cold rolling, a rapid reheating to 840 degrees C and quenching done to simulate hot dip galvanizing conditions. To better understand the PAQ process, thermodynamic and kinetic simulations using ThermoCalc and DICTRA predicted phase transformations and elemental partitioning. Microstructural characterization via LM, SEM, and EBSD revealed an ultrafine-grained multiphase structure consisting of bainite, M/A, and intercritical ferrite. The PAQ840 sample showed an ultimate tensile strength of 740 MPa and excellent ductility with 20 pct total elongation.Article A Novel Vulnerability Index and Approach for Improving Road Network Vulnerability(Canadian Science Publishing, 2025) Dogaroglu, Bora; Caliskanelli, S. PelinA transportation network's recovery depends on its vulnerability to disaster impacts and functionality restoration. This study proposes two novel indexes for comprehensively measuring the vulnerability of road networks: link vulnerability measurement and node vulnerability measurement. Analyses were conducted on a hypothetical road network using dynamic assignment in the PTV VISSIM microsimulation environment, and the network vulnerabilities were calculated using the proposed methods. The results were compared with those found in the literature. Additionally, a method was proposed to reduce the vulnerability of the road network, and the proposed approach was compared with the current situation. The results showed 13.09% and 14.83% improvements in the average link vulnerability and node vulnerability values, respectively. In terms of achieving a more balanced distribution of vulnerability across the system, improvements of 5.68% and 41.35% were observed in the standard deviations of the link vulnerability and node vulnerability values, respectively.Article Nanoencapsulation of Hydroxytyrosol Extract of Fermented Olive Leaf Brine Using Proniosomes(Wiley, 2025) Kadiroglu, Pinar; Kilincli, Betul; Ilgaz, Ceren; Bayindir, Zerrin Sezgin; Kelebek, Hasim; Helvacioglu, Selin; Ozhan, GunesBACKGROUND: Olive leaves are rich in bioactive compounds with potential health benefits; however, their limited bioavailability and stability hinder their effective utilization. Emerging technologies, nanocarrier-based delivery systems, have shown promise in enhancing these properties. RESULTS: The optimal conditions for proniosome formulation were 50 rpm rotational speed and 35 degrees C, achieving 81.20 +/- 0.80% encapsulation efficiency. Particle sizes ranged from 188.6 to 248.9 nm, with a zeta potential of similar to-30 mV, indicating high stability and resistance to aggregation. Advanced instrumental analysis confirmed interactions between the extract and proniosome components. After 30 days at 4 degrees C, extract-loaded proniosomes maintained better homogeneity and lower polydispersity index. Cytotoxicity studies showed that both the extract and its proniosomal form were nontoxic to HEK293T cells up to 200 mu g mL(-1). In zebrafish assays, minimal larval mortality was observed up to 3200 mu g mL(-1) for the extract, while no mortality occurred up to 1600 mu g mL(-1) for the proniosomal extract, highlighting its improved safety profile. CONCLUSION: The findings from this research could contribute to the advancement of sustainable and health-promoting food innovations by integrating cutting-edge nanotechnology-driven encapsulation strategies into plant-based food formulations. (c) 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.Article The Infinitude of the Primes and Some Coloring Theorems(Taylor & Francis inc, 2025) Adibelli, Azem Berivan; Goral, HaydarWe first prove the infinitude of the primes via a special case of Rado's theorem whose proof is based on the infinite Ramsey theorem. In the proof, we use the colorings of the positive integers introduced by Levent Alpoge [1] and Andrew Granville [2]. Finally, using Rado's theorem for integral domains, we will give another proof for the infinitude of nonassociated prime elements in any unique factorization domain R with a few units.Article A Robust Possibilistic Semi-Supervised Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm With Neighborhood-Aware Feature Weighting(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Moghaddam, Arezou Najafi; Aghazadeh, Nasser; Hashemzadeh, Mahdi; Oskouei, Amin GolzariThe Semi-Supervised Fuzzy C-Means (SSFCM) method integrates class distribution information with fuzzy logic to overcome the challenges of semi-supervised clustering methods. While the inclusion of label information in the objective function improves the quality of the clustering method, semi-supervised fuzzy techniques still encounter important limitations, including (1) sensitivity to noise and outliers, (2) uniform feature importance, (3) neglecting the influences of neighborhood in the clustering process. In this paper, an improved semi-supervised clustering algorithm is presented to address these challenges. First, the algorithm reduces the sensitivity to noise and outliers by integrating the possibilistic fuzzy C-means algorithm into the SSFCM method. Second, a dynamic feature weighting method assigns different weights to the features in each cluster, which improves the performance of the algorithm in imbalanced datasets. Third, the proposed algorithm introduces a neighborhood mechanism that incorporates the neighbor's trade-off weighting and feature weighting strategy considering a strong metric. Finally, a robust kernel metric is used to further improve the performance on complex and nonlinear datasets. Extensive experiments are conducted on several benchmark datasets to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the current state-of-the-art techniques. The implementation source codes of the proposed method are publicly available at https://github.com/Amin-Golzari-Oskouei/RPSSFC-NAFW.Article Investigation on the Keggin Anchored on Hydroxide-Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Superior Cathode for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries(Amer Chemical Soc, 2025) Chilufya, Langson; Sertbas, Vahide; Aytekin, Ahmet; Karabudak, Engin; Emirdag-Eanes, MehtapRechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have become a viable option in electrochemical energy storage systems (EESS) owing to their inherent safety features and economic friendliness. Nonetheless, creating suitable cathode materials for AZIBs with high structural stability, good rate performance, and great capacity remains a significant challenge. Polyoxometalate (POM)-based nanohybrid materials have shown promising results in high cycling stability and great specific capacity. However, POMs susceptible to electrolyte dissolution and the sluggish Zn-ion (Zn2+) kinetics have significantly hampered their electrochemical performance as cathodes for AZIBs. Herein, we present a Keggin POM, K3[PW12O40]nH2O (KPW12), anchored on hydroxyl (OH)-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWOH) that were fabricated via a facile ultrasonication procedure. Employed as cathodes for AZIBs, the optimal KPW12/SWOH feature exhibited remarkable electrochemical performance. The system satisfied the Zn2+ storage, achieving a reversible discharge capacity of 183 mAh g-1 at a high current density of 5C with a flat and long discharge plateau after 160 cycles. The perfect synergistic contribution of the pseudocapacitive nature of the super-reduced state of KPW12 and the electron-conductive network of SWOH was attributed to this exceptional electrochemical performance. Furthermore, the presence of oxygen in SWOH enhanced the transfer kinetics of electrons and smooth Zn2+ diffusion while lowering the Zn2+ migration energy barrier by providing more accessible active sites. This demonstrates remarkable promise in fabricating robust electrode materials optimized for integration within aqueous battery systems that pave the way for further research into POM-based materials for EESS.Article Planning Competencies and Transformative Pedagogy for Sustainable Development(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Bafarasat, Abbas Ziafati; Baker, Mark; Cheshmehzangi, Ali; Goodspeed, Robert; Scott, Mark; Sharifi, Ayyoob; Katsigianni, XeniaUnderstood as "a means by which society decides collectively what urban [and rural] change should be like and tries to achieve that vision by a mix of means.", there is broad consensus that planning should fully incorporate the notion of sustainable development. Planners have a critical role in envisioning and driving local transitions to sustainable development. This requires transforming what planners learn and how they learn in higher education. This study is the first to identify a set of planning competencies for sustainable development. It proposes in three areas planning competencies for sustainable development, including (a) knowledge to understand human settlements, (b) skills to plan sustainable settlements, and (c) values to stand for sustainable communities. Following a conceptual analysis of transformative pedagogy as a superior theoretical approach to teaching for sustainable development, this study is also the first to identify types of transformative learning activities, including (1) unlearning- relearning activities, (2) learning through new experiences, and (3) ill-structured problem solving. The study therefore makes original contributions to both planning and education literature, in addition to its interdisciplinary methodological contribution through an original design of 'framing andArticle Enhanced Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity on Breast Cancer Spheroids by Aptamer Targeted Co-Delivery With Hyaluronidase(Wiley, 2025) Kavruk, Murat; Demirel, Dide Su; Bonyadi, Farzaneh; Guner, Buket Cakmak; Dursun, Ali Dogan; Vakifahmetoglu, Cekdar; Ozalp, Veli CengizBreast cancer is one of the most prevalent solid tumors in women and can be classified into subtypes based on molecular characteristics, such as hormone receptor status and HER2 expression. Aptamers, highly specific affinity molecules, are extensively studied for targeted drug delivery using nanocarriers to enhance anti-cancer efficacy. This study focused on HER2-responsive co-delivery of doxorubicin and hyaluronidase via aptamer-gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles to improve therapeutic outcomes in solid tumors. SK-BR-3 spheroids are employed as a model for resistant tumor environments in solid tumors. Previous research is shown that conjugating cytotoxic drugs with nanoparticles or cells enhances drug penetration into tumor spheroids. In this work, doxorubicin is loaded into mesoporous silica nanoparticles and capped with HER2-specific aptamers, while the particle surface is functionalized with hyaluronidase. This dual-functionalized nanocarrier system achieves an approximate to 8.5-fold increase in cytotoxicity compared to aptamer-targeted delivery lacking hyaluronidase. The enhanced effect is attributed to hyaluronidase-mediated loosening of the spheroid structure, facilitating nanoparticle penetration and localized release of doxorubicin at high concentrations on HER2-positive cells.Article Silver-Loaded Titania-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks as a Platform for Silver Ion Release for Antibacterial Applications(Amer Chemical Soc, 2025) Mazare, Anca; Goldmann, Wolfgang H.; Kocak, Esra; Osuagwu, Benedict; Qin, Shanshan; Cao, Ran; Schmuki, PatrikConventional Ag-decorated TiO2 coatings suffer from low adsorption capacity and burst release kinetics, limiting long-term antibacterial efficacy and risking cytotoxicity. An entirely different payload release approach can be based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which offer tunable porosity, high surface area, and internal diffusion channels. Here, we report a thermally stabilized Ti-based MOF [NH2-MIL-125(Ti)] functionalized with Ag+ via reactive deposition, enabling high Ag loading (similar to 14.7 wt %) and sustained release. Annealing at 250 degrees C enhances aqueous stability, allowing diffusion-governed Ag+ delivery over >48 h, with 77% of the Ag still present in the MOF after a 24 h release. The system exhibits dose-dependent antibacterial activity in powders and comparable efficacy in coatings, with a more gradual release profile. This scalable platform is promising for long-acting coatings, wound interfaces, and implantable materials.Article Enhanced Wear Resistance of Epoxy Composites Through the Incorporation of Diatom Frustules: a Multi-Objective Optimization Approach(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Gulturk, E.; Aydin, L.; Sahin, A. E.; Sinmazcelik, T.; Guden, M.The present work investigates the enhancement of wear resistance in epoxy composites through the incorporation of calcined and natural diatom frustules (CDFs and NDFs) as reinforcing fillers. The CDFs, pre-calcined at 1200 degrees C during manufacturing to improve structural integrity and eliminate organic matter, were supplied in processed form. Both CDFs and NDFs were subsequently wet-sieved (below 325 mesh) and dried at 120 degrees C for 2 h to ensure particle uniformity and moisture removal. Epoxy composites were prepared with 5-20 wt% frustule content. The fillers were ultrasonically dispersed in the epoxy matrix to improve uniformity and reduce agglomeration, followed by vacuum degassing and thermal curing. Wear performance was initially evaluated for all samples at a fixed 1000-cycle duration. Based on preliminary results, composites with 15 wt% and 20 wt% filler content which showed the highest wear resistance, were further tested under varying sliding distances corresponding to 300-1000 cycles to examine long-term behavior. Tests were conducted under dry sliding conditions using a block-on-ring tribometer at 50 N load. Using a systematic modeling-design-optimization framework, the study defines diatom weight fraction, sliding test duration, and frustule type as design variables. The experimental process was modeled through multiple nonlinear neuro-regression analyses, selecting the most realistic model based on Rtraining2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$R_{{{\text{training}}}}<^>{2}$$\end{document}, Rtesting2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$R_{{{\text{testing}}}}<^>{2}$$\end{document}, Radjusting2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$R_{{{\text{adjusting}}}}<^>{2}$$\end{document}, and stability evaluations from 13 functional structures, with a second-order trigonometric nonlinear type model (SOTN) as the highest predictive performance. Stochastic optimization methods-including Modified Differential Evolution (MDE), Modified Nelder-Mead (MNM), Modified Simulated Annealing (MSA), and Modified Random Search (MRS)-were employed under three design scenarios to determine optimal wear parameters. The results revealed that epoxy composites containing 15 wt% NDFs exhibited the most substantial improvement, with a 95% reduction in specific wear rate (SWR) compared to neat epoxy and a 60% reduction relative to CDF-filled composites. The lowest optimized specific wear rate achieved was 1.086 x 10-5 mm3/Nm. This work offers a comprehensive framework integrating material processing, statistical modeling, and stochastic optimization for the design of high-performance, wear-resistant epoxy composites.Article A Comprehensive MicroRNA-Seq Transcriptomic Analysis of Tay-Sachs Disease Mice Revealed Distinct MiRNA Profiles in Neuroglial Cells(Springernature, 2025) Kaya, Beyza; Orhan, Mehmet Emin; Yanbul, Selman; Demirci, Muserref Duygu Sacar; Demir, Secil Akyildiz; Seyrantepe, VolkanTay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder marked by the progressive buildup of GM2 in the central nervous system (CNS). This condition arises from mutations in the HEXA gene, which encodes the alpha subunit of the enzyme beta-hexosaminidase A. A newly developed mouse model for early-onset TSD (Hexa-/-Neu3-/-) exhibited signs of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, evidenced by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as significant astrogliosis and microgliosis. Identifying disease-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) may aid the development of targeted therapies. Although previous small-scale studies have investigated miRNA expression in some regions of GM2 gangliosidosis mouse models, thorough profiling of miRNAs in this innovative TSD model remains to be done. In this study, we employed next-generation sequencing to analyze the complete miRNA profile of neuroglial cells from Hexa-/-Neu3-/- mice. By comparing KEGG and Reactome pathways associated with neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and sphingolipid metabolism in Hexa-/-Neu3-/- neuroglial cells, we discovered new microRNAs and their targets related to the pathophysiology of GM2 gangliosidosis. For the first time, our findings showed that miR-708-5p, miR-672-5p, miR-204-5p, miR-335-5p, and miR-296-3p were upregulated, while miR-10 b-5p, miR-615-3p, miR-196a-5p, miR-214-5p, and miR-199a-5p were downregulated in Hexa-/-Neu3-/- neuroglial cells in comparison to age-matched wild-type (WT). These specific changes in miRNA expression deepen our understanding of the disease's neuropathological characteristics in Hexa-/-Neu3-/- mice. Our study suggests that miRNA-based therapeutic strategies may improve clinical outcomes for TSD patients.Article Advancements in Oil-Water Separation: the Role of Molybdenum and Tungsten Disulfide as Cutting-Edge 2D Nanomaterials(Elsevier, 2025) Recepoglu, Yasar Kemal; Goren, Ayseguel YagmurThis article reviews recent strides in synthesizing, functionalizing, and utilizing molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanomaterials owing to their exceptional wetting properties, which facilitate oilwater separation. Among various materials explored, they have also emerged as particularly promising candidates due to their high surface area, tunable surface chemistry, and unique layered structure. The twodimensional (2D) morphology offers abundant active sites, enhanced interaction with water molecules, and the ability to engineer surface wettability at the nanoscale, all of which are highly advantageous for efficient oilwater separation. Distinct separation mechanisms, performance benchmarks, and potential integration into practical separation setups were meticulously surveyed and analyzed. Furthermore, to elucidate the superiority of MoS2 and WS2 2D nanomaterials over alternative methodologies for oil-water separation, we comprehensively examined other techniques, including membrane processes, electrocoagulation, adsorption with modified materials, and biological methods. For instance, the high membrane, operational, and maintenance costs, scaling, fouling, expensive production steps, high energy consumption, and complex operations are significant limitations of other processes for oil-water separation. On the other hand, the MoS2 and WS2 nanomaterials provide sustainable and effective oil-water separation performance compared to other processes owing to their unique properties, such as superior reusability, high separation efficiency, excellent hydrophobicity (water-repelling) and oleophilicity (oil-attracting) features, significant chemical and thermal stability, and enhanced photocatalytic properties. This review showed that the oil-water separation efficiency of the MoS2 and WS2-based materials was 70-100 %. The highest oil-water separation efficiency of 100 % is observed using cellulose acetate -MoS2 fibrous sponge from a toluene-water mixture at a pH of 8. Nevertheless, while MoS2 and WS2 nanomaterials promise oil-water separation owing to their unique properties, their limitations, such as cost, scalability, environmental concerns, agglomeration, regeneration challenges, and potential toxicity, must be carefully addressed. Consequently, further research and development are necessary to overcome these hurdles and fully realize their potential in practical applications.Article On the Quasi-Static and Dynamic Compressive Behavior of Paper Honeycomb: Experimental and Numerical Study(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Imrag, Berkay Turkcan; Tasdemirci, Alper; Gurler, YigitThis study explores the quasi-static and dynamic compressive behavior of paper-based honeycomb structures, with a focus on quantifying the distinct roles of strain rate sensitivity, microinertia, and entrapped air. While these effects have been broadly recognized in prior work, the novelty of this research lies in the systematic separation and evaluation of their individual contributions using a validated experimental-numerical approach tailored for low-strength, sustainable materials. A custom direct impact test setup was developed to capture dynamic force response with high resolution, overcoming the limitations of conventional high-rate methods such as SHPB, which are not suitable for paper. The material model implemented in LS-DYNA incorporates CowperSymonds parameters derived from relevant high strain-rate data and simulates air interaction using an ALE-based fluid-structure framework. The numerical results closely match the experimental findings across different impact velocities, allowing each mechanism to be isolated and quantitatively assessed. The study shows that microinertia dominates the early deformation response, strain rate sensitivity becomes more pronounced at higher velocities, and entrapped air affects force levels during intermediate compression. These findings offer a practical and validated modeling framework that can support the design of recyclable protective systems, where weight, sustainability, and performance under impact are critical considerations.Article Random Exponential Sums and Lattice Points in Regions(Academic Press inc Elsevier Science, 2025) Temur, Faruk; Sahilliogullari, CihanIn this article we study two fundamental problems on exponential sums via randomization of frequencies with stochastic processes. These are the Hardy-Littlewood majorant problem, and L2n(T), n is an element of N norms of exponential sums, which can also be interpreted as solutions of diophantine equations or lattice points on surfaces. We establish connections to the well known problems on lattice points in regions such as the Dirichlet divisor problem. (c) 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.Article Comprehensive Analysis and Machine Learning-Based Solutions for Drift Behavior in Ambient Atomic Force Microscope Conditions(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Deveci, D. Gemici; Barandir, T. Karakoyun; Unverdi, O.; Celebi, C.; Temur, L. O.; Atilla, D. C.This study outlines the effectiveness of combining numerical methods, Computer Vision (CV) and Machine Learning (ML) approaches to analyze and predict drift behavior in high-resolution Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) scanning procedures. Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models for time series analysis and the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) algorithm for predictive modeling, significant progress was achieved in understanding the dynamic and variable nature of drift and mitigating its impact on scanning. The models demonstrated a robust predictive capability, achieving approximately 94% accuracy in drift predictions. The study emphasizes the nonstationary characteristics of drift and demonstrates how the selection of features directly related to the target variable enhances the efficiency of the model and enables adaptive real-time correction. These findings confirm the predictive strength of the models and highlight the potential for integrating ML predictions with real-time feedback mechanisms to improve the resolution and stability of AFM imaging in both scientific and industrial applications.Article The Johnson and Cook Damage and Flow Stress Model Parameters of a Rolled Stainless Steel 304 Alloy(Elsevier, 2026) Akdogan, Ibrahim Berk; Davut, Kemal; Gueden, Mustafa; Erten, Hacer Irem; Tasdemirci, Alper; Maleki, Farshid Khosravi; Gok, Mustafa SabriPrevious studies on stainless steel 304 alloy (SS 304) have mostly focused on the stress-strain behavior as function of the volume fraction of deformation induced martensite and the applied strain and strain rate. Although equally important, the failure/fracture of this alloy has not been thoroughly investigated so far. In the present study, the Johnson and Cook (JC) damage model parameters of a rolled-SS 304 alloy, valid at a high strain rate (2900 s-1), were experimentally determined and numerically validated along with the JC flow stress parameters. The tensile failure strain of the alloy decreased as the strain rate increased from 10-3 to 10-1 s-1 and to 2900 s-1. Experimentally lower flow stresses at 2900 s-1 than at 1x10-3 s-1 were also found at the strains above 0.2, which was attributed to the adiabatic heating that declined the extend of the martensitic transformation at increasing strains. The determined damage and flow stress model parameters were further calibrated with the results of the numerical models of the quasi-static and high strain rate tension tests. Microscopic analyses and the hardness measurements on the untested and tested specimens confirmed the martensitic transformation and the highest hardness values were found in the specimens tested at 1x10-3 s-1. The martensite volume fraction as function strain rate until about necking strain (homogeneous deformation) was calculated and also microscopically determined using the electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) for the specimens tested at different strain rates. The results indicated the highest martensite volume fraction in the specimens tested at 10-3 s-1 (0.55-0.6) and the lowest in the specimens tested at the high strain rate (0.27-0.30). An agreement between the calculated and the EBSD determined martensite volume fractions was shown for the studied alloy.Article Electrically Controlled Heat Transport in Graphite Films Via Reversible Ionic Liquid Intercalation(Amer Assoc Advancement Science, 2025) Steiner, Pietro; Adnan, Saqeeb; Ergoktas, M. Said; Barrier, Julien; Yu, Xiaoxiao; Orts, Vicente; Kocabas, CoskunThe ability to control heat transport with electrical signals has been an outstanding challenge due to the lack of efficient electrothermal materials. Previous attempts have mainly concentrated on low-thermal conductivity materials and encountered various problems such as narrow dynamic range and modest on/off ratios. Here, using high-thermal conductivity graphite films, we demonstrate an electrothermal switch enabling electrically tunable heat flow at the device level. The device uses reversible electro-intercalation of ions to modulate the in-plane thermal conductivity of graphite film by more than 13-fold via tunable phonon scattering, enabling observable modulation of the thermal conductivity at the device level. We anticipate that our results could provide a realistic pathway for adaptive thermal transport, enabling electrically driven thermal devices that would find a broad spectrum of applications in aerospace and microelectronics.Article Task-Specific Dynamical Entropy Variations in EEG as a Biomarker for Parkinson's Disease Progression(Springer, 2025) Onay, Fatih; Karacali, BilgeUncovering the neuronal mechanisms un-derlying optimal behavioral performance is essential to understand how the brain dynamically adapts to changing conditions. In Parkinson's disease (PD), these neuronal mechanisms are disrupted and lead to impairments in motor coordination and higher-order cognitive functions. This study investigates neuronal dynamics during a lower-limb pedaling task by analyzing the dynamical entropy of EEG signals in healthy controls (HC), PD patients, and PD patients with freezing of gait (PDFOG). We examined both average entropy changes and entropy variability across trials to characterize task-specific neural adaptations across disease progression. Results showed that PD and PDFOG patients exhibited decreased levels of permutation entropy in frontal and parietal regions, which may be associated with loss of cognitive adapta-tion due to altered information processing. Additionally, Vasicek's entropy variability in both PD groups was significantly diminished in occipital and left frontal regions, suggesting reduced cognitive capacity to dy-namically allocate neuronal resources during task engagement. We extended this analysis to the classification of groups using LDA and SVM classifiers, where entropy-derived features achieved a classification accuracy of up to 96.15% when distinguishing HC from PDFOG patients. This dynamical entropic framework provides a novel approach for capturing neural complexity changes during task performance, revealing subtle cognitive-motor impairments in PD. Understanding the maintenance of cognitive information processing and flexibility in response to motor and cognitive task demands could be a useful tool to track PD diagnosis and progression in addition to resting-state analyses.Article Disruption of Glutamine Transport Uncouples the NUPR1 Stress-Adaptation Program and Induces Prostate Cancer Radiosensitivity(BMC, 2025) Kahya, Ugur; Lukiyanchuk, Vasyl; Gorodetska, Ielizaveta; Weigel, Matthias M.; Koeseer, Ayse Sedef; Alkan, Berke; Dubrovska, AnnaBackgroundMetabolic and stress response adaptations in prostate cancer (PCa) mediate tumor resistance to radiation therapy (RT). Our study investigated the roles of glutamine (Gln) transporters SLC1A5, SLC7A5, and SLC38A1 in regulating NUPR1-mediated stress response, PCa cell survival, metabolic reprogramming, and response to RT.MethodsThe radiosensitizing potential of GLS inhibition with CB-839 was analyzed in prostate cancer xenograft models. The level of gene expression was analyzed by RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR in the established cell lines or patient-derived tumor and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Phosphoproteomic analysis was employed to identify the underlying signaling pathways. The publicly available PCa patient datasets, and a dataset for the patients treated with RT were analyzed by SUMO software. The key parameters of mitochondrial functions were measured by Seahorse analysis. Analysis of the general oxidative stress level and mitochondrial superoxide detection were conducted using flow cytometry. gamma H2A.X foci analysis was used to assess the DNA double strand break. Relative cell sensitivity to RT was evaluated by radiobiological clonogenic assays. Aldefluor assay and sphere-forming analysis were used to determine cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype.ResultsA siRNA-mediated knockdown of Gln transporters SLC1A5, SLC7A5, and SLC38A1 resulted in significant radiosensitization of PCa cells. Consistently, the first-in-clinic glutaminase (GLS) inhibitor CB-839, combined with RT, demonstrated a synergistic effect with radiotherapy in vivo, significantly delaying tumor growth. Inhibition of Gln metabolism or knockdown of Gln transporters SLC1A5, SLC7A5, or SLC38A1 induces expression of NUPR1, a stress response transcriptional regulator, but simultaneously uncouples the NUPR1-driven metabolic stress-adaptation program. Similarly to the effect from NUPR1 knockdown, depletion of these Gln transporters led to reduced cell viability, accumulation of mitochondrial ROS, and increased PCa radiosensitivity. This effect is more pronounced in PCa cells with high dependency on OXPHOS for energy production.ConclusionsOur work underscores the role of Gln transporters and the NUPR1-mediated stress response in PCa cell survival, oxidative stress, mitochondrial functions, and radioresistance. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic in vivo strategy to enhance the efficacy of RT and suggest a potential synergism between the depletion of Gln transporters or NUPR1 and OXPHOS inhibition.Article New Bifunctional Catalysts for the Synthesis of Dimethyl Ether Via Carbon Dioxide Utilization(Y H Mammadaliyev inst Petrochemical Proc, Natl Acad Sci, Baku, Azerbaijan, 2025) Guliyev, Bilal, V; Zahidova, Aysel; Tuncer, Bashak; Sheker, Erol; Nasirov, Fizuli A.The increasing demand for sustainable energy sources has intensified research into carbon dioxide (CO2) utilization for the synthesis of clean alternative fuels such as dimethyl ether. This study investigates the direct synthesis of dimethyl ether from CO2 using bifunctional copper-based hybrid catalysts (SCR-A, SCR-B, and SCR-C) synthesized via the sol-gel method. These catalysts integrate oxidative and acidic functionalities within a single system, enabling methanol synthesis and subsequent dehydration into dimethyl ether in a one-step process. Experimental evaluations were conducted under varying pressures ranging from atmospheric to 40 bar and temperatures between 200-350 degrees C, using both low-and high-pressure reactors to assess performance. The results indicate that under atmospheric conditions, methanol conversion reached 87%, with 82% dimethyl ether selectivity, demonstrating the bifunctional character of the catalysts. Among them, SCR-A exhibited the most favorable performance in terms of conversion and product distribution. Under high-pressure conditions (5 and 7 bar), CO2 conversion remained constant at 50%, while selectivity was influenced by temperature and reactor pressure. At 40 bar and 300 degrees C, dimethyl ether selectivity reached its peak at 60%, confirming this range as the optimal operational window for maximizing dimethyl ether yield. However, a notable decrease in selectivity was observed at 350 degrees C, likely due to catalyst deactivation or the promotion of undesired side reactions. These findings underline the thermodynamic and operational benefits of direct dimethyl ether synthesis over the conventional two-step route, as it simplifies process design, enhances CO2 utilization, and reduces energy and cost demands
